Equilibrium and Mass Transfer Behaviour of CO2 Adsorption on Zeolites, Carbon Molecular Sieve, and Activated Carbons

Date
2012-10
Authors
Sarker, Md Ariful Islam
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Publisher
Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina
Abstract

Natural gas is an important source of energy that usually requires purification steps to remove contaminants prior to pipeline transmission and industrial usage. By pressure swing adsorption process (PSA), carbon dioxide (CO2) can be separated from natural gas using solid materials commonly known as adsorbents. Adsorption capacity (or equilibrium) and adsorption kinetics of the adsorption materials have great impacts on the efficiency of CO2 removal in this PSA process. The objective of this study was to characterize the CO2 adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of commercial adsorbents that have potential for use in the PSA process and also to provide a better understanding of CO2 adsorption behaviour under wide range of operating conditions. A comprehensive set of data and analysis for CO2 adsorption equilibrium and kinetics is presented in this study for zeolite 13x, zeolite 5A, zeolite 4A, carbon molecular sieve (MSC-3R), activated carbon (GCA-830), and activated carbon (GCA- 1240). By using volumetric measurement technique, adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data were taken at a temperature range of 293 – 333 K and pressure up to 35 atm. The obtained experimental data were correlated as a function of temperature and pressure to fit with different model equations (i.e., Langmuir, Toth, Sips, and Prausnitz). The isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption was also estimated for individual adsorbents according to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The CO2 adsorption kinetic, presented in terms of mass transfer coefficients (k), were experimentally measured at a temperature range of 293 – 333 K and pressure up to 11 atm. The mass transfer was analyzed from the plots of CO2 uptake rate using the well-recognized linear driving force (LDF) model. The mass transfer coefficients were correlated by non-linear regression to reveal the effects of adsorption temperature and pressure. Activation energies of CO2 adsorption on the individual adsorbents were also calculated and correlated according to the Arrhenius equation.

Description
A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science in Process Systems Engineering, University of Regina. xiv, 106 p.
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