A duel between cognitive and physical performance: who wins- the brain or body?

Date
2019-04-29
Authors
Petersen, Berkley
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Faculty of Arts, University of Regina
Abstract

When a motor and cognitive task are performed simultaneously, the brain and the muscles must compete for the same resources (e.g., energy, etc.) which is known as interference. The selfish brain hypothesis (Peters et al., 2004) suggests the brain prioritizes its own glucose needs over those of the peripheral organs such as skeletal muscle. It is still unclear the impact this interference has on cognitive and/or physical performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the selfish brain hypothesis and examine how explicit prioritization affects allocation of resources and dual task performance. Using a between subjects research design, 32 participants were randomly assigned to a no priority, cognitive priority, or physical priority group. The NeuroTracker, a perceptual cognitive training program and cycle ergometer were used to measure cognition and physical performance, respectively. Participants completed 5 assessments: 2 cognitive, 1 predicted VO2 max, and 1 dual task. During the dual task participants completed 3 NeuroTracker sessions, while cycling on a cycle ergometer. One-way ANOVA’s and tukey post hoc tests revealed the physical priority group had significantly higher RPMs at the 8 second time points compared to the cognitive priority group. However, when comparing RPMs and visual tracking speed scores across all three groups, physical performance remained relatively stable throughout the physical and dual task assessments. All groups experienced improvements in their visual tracking speed scores as they progressed through the study. We suggest the assessments prior to the dual task acted as training sessions and therefore, limited dual task interference.

Description
A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Psychology, University of Regina. 31 p.
Keywords
Cognition, Physical fitness, Human brain function
Citation