Western Canada has the second largest oil resources in the world. Over 90% is heavy oil and bitumen. Vapour Extraction (VAPEX), similar to Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) but using solvent to reduce the oil ...

Tremendous resources of heavy oil are located in Western Canada, i.e., Alberta and Saskatchewan, most of which are contained in thin payzones. Thermal-based techniques have conventionally been utilized to enhance heavy ...

Abundant heavy oil reserves and increasing demands for energy have encouraged more and more interest in the exploitation of heavy oil. The recovery of heavy oil is challenging due to its high viscosity. The thermal ...